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    Papers in International JournalsChapters/ Papers in International BooksChapters/ Papers in National BooksCommunications in International ConferencesCommunications in National ConferencesMSc ThesesBooksProceedingsPatentsTechnical/ Scientific ReportsPhD Theses
    @JournalArticle {2100,
    	title = {Apatite formation on calcined kaolin{\textendash}white Portland cement geopolymer},
    	journal = {Materials Science and Engineering C},
    	volume = {51},
    	year = {2015},
    	note = {

    Pangdaeng, S. et al.\ 

    }, month = {2015-06-01 00:00:00}, pages = {1-6}, publisher = {Elsevier Science}, abstract = {

    In this study, calcined kaolin{\textendash}white Portland cement geopolymerwas investigated for use as biomaterial. Sodium
    hydroxide and sodium silicate were used as activators. In vitro test was performed with simulated body fluid
    (SBF) for bioactivity characterization. The formation of hydroxyapatite bio-layer on the 28-day soaked samples
    surface was tested using SEM, EDS and XRD analyses. The results showed that the morphology of hydroxyapatite
    was affected by the source material composition, alkali concentration and curing temperature. The calcined
    kaolin{\textendash}white Portland cement geopolymer with relatively high compressive strength could be fabricated for
    use as biomaterial. The mix with 50\% white Portland cement and 50\% calcined kaolin had 28-day compressive
    strength of 59.0 MPa and the hydroxyapatite bio-layer on the 28-day soaked sample surface was clearly evident.

    }, keywords = {apatite, Cement, Geopolymer, kaolin}, issn = {0928-4931(print); 1873-0191 (online)}, doi = {10.1016/j.msec.2015.02.039}, author = {Pangdaeng, S. and Sata, V. and Aguiar, J. B. and Pacheco-Torgal, F. and Chindaprasirt, P.} }

    About CTAC

    The Centre for Territory, Environment and Construction (CTAC) is a research unit of the School of Engineering of University of Minho (UMinho), recognised by the “FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia” (Foundation for Science and Technology), associated to the Department of Civil Engineering (DEC), with whom it shares resources and namely human resources.

    Currently CTAC aggregates 25 researchers holding a PhD of which 20 are faculty professors of the Civil Engineering Department. Read more


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    Centro de Território, Ambiente e Construção
    Escola de Engenharia da Universidade do Minho
    Campus de Azurém
    4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal

    Phone: + 351 253 510 200 (517 206)
    Fax: + 351 253 510 217

    Email: geral@ctac.uminho.pt


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