The choice between different materials and constructive systems can influence significantly the environmental impact and economic cost of construction. In this context, four constructive systems used in South European were studied: one conventional - composed by hollow brick walls and steel reinforced post and beam concrete structure; and three non-conventional - light steel framing (LSF); wood frame (WF); and insulation concrete form (ICF). Using a case study based on a contemporary Portuguese typology of a single family dwelling, some environmental impact indicators, as well as the weight and the economic cost of these solutions were evaluated.